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The Castellón’s past is not limited
to its present administrative boundaries.
The Castellón de la Plana province
was formed in the year 1822 and was the northernmost
of the four, (now three) provinces into which
the Valencian territories were divided.
It coincided approximately with the former
provincial government of Uixó (or Castellón
de la Plana) and included the towns of Almenara
in the south and Cantavella, Anglesola, Mosquerola
and Puerto Mingalvo which are in the present
day community of Aragón, and also the
complete river basins of the Montlleó
and Bergantes.
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-Other dates which mark the history of these
territories are the arrival of Annibal,
the Carthaginian general who took over Sagunto
(a Valencian town on the border of Castellón)
in 219 BC, thus provoking the Second Punic
War and the foundation of Valentia in 138
BC, the latter giving way to the Romanisation
of the territories. The reign of the Emperor
Augustus saw the biggest progress.
Notes on the history
- According to some hypotheses, the Roman
arc of Cabanes could have been erected in
210 BC.
- Important traces have appeared in Chilches,
such as a milestone proving that the Roman
road Augustus Way crossed it. Other remains
have been found, like a statuette of Mercury
and coins belonging to the 3rd century BC.
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These boundaries were abolished in 1823 due
to absolutism, and in 1833 the new provincial
boundaries marked the province of Castellón
(including Alto Palancia) and returned it
to the historical boundaries of the Valencian
territories. Currently, the province occupies
6,679 sq km and is divided in three court
districts: Castellón de la Plana (the
capital), Segorbe and Vinaròs, and
eight regions: Baix Maestrat, Ports, Plana
Alta, Alt Maestrat, Alcalatén, Plana
Baixa, Alto Mijares and Alto Palancia. There
are a total of 143 towns and almost 500.000
inhabitants. |
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To speak about the history of Castellón
is to recall the past of a complete territory
with a political identity of its own dating
from 1238. Several cave paintings belonging
to the Neanderthal men date the first Valencian
settlers to some 30,000 years BC.
The first Iberian settlements found in Valencia
date back to the 5th century BC.
Notes
on the history
- The first human settlements in Oropesa
del Mar date back to the Paleolithic.
- The origins of Vilafamés date back
to the Mid Pleistocene, according to the
discovery of the remains of the so-called
Homo Erectus Vilafamensis.
- In Culla, cave paintings have been discovered
in the Santa María gully.
- In the town of Eslida remains of funerary
offerings which belong to the Bronze Era
have been found in the Oret cave.
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In
the year 714 AC, the Governor of North Africa
Musa Ibn Nusair conquered Valencia. The
town became the famous Madina-t-al-turab
of the Muslim Spain. The Moorish rule lasted
almost five centuries and was only briefly
interrupted when the warrior El Cid invaded
(1094-1099).
Notes on the history
- Following the Arabs’ conquest, some
twelve farms were established around the
river Belcaire and another six in the Vall
d’Uixó valley.
- The Montornés castle in Benicàssim
was Muslim until the arrival of King James
I in 1234.
In 1099 the terrible Almoravids conquered
Valencia’s territories again and finally
in 1238 King James I of Cataluña/Aragón
led the final conquering, establishing a
new kingdom.
Notes
on the history
- In 1251 James I signed a royal charter
for the foundation of Castellón de
la Plana. Before that, the population lived
in Castillo Viejo. This historical event
is remembered every year with festivities
better known as “Fiestas de la Magdalena”,
which take place around the third Sunday
of Lent celebrating the creation of the
town.
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